Conventional wisdom tells us that we need to recruit and train more young people in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Robust STEM education programs are designed for this purpose early in the educational pipeline. But, as critical as STEM disciplines are to our future health and well-being as a society, what are the prospects for young scientists finishing their degrees? Traditional academic jobs are scarce; only 14% of newly minted Ph.D.'s in biology and the life sciences attain a position in their field within five years. What is the reality of life as a young investigator today? How can we better align incentives and rewards to better support them? What needs to happen to reinvent the education and training of the next generation of scientists in a way that will continue to attract them to this critical work, but matches up to the reality of the marketplace?